Hardware and accessories needed for breastfeeding

Compared with bottle feeding, breastfeeding requires little equipment. Specifically, only the mother is essential, making the act of breastfeeding very handy.

However, the establishment of breastfeeding may involve a minimum of accessories that you need during the first, and second month of lactation such as milk pads, etc.
Here are some tips and information that will help you there.

Breast pump (optional accessory)

By taking your milk with a breast pump it  allows you to offer your child bottles without introducing artificial milk.

There are two types: the manual (type Avent Isis) and the electric breast pump. You can rent an electric breast pump at a pharmacy. Your Social Security and your insurance reimburses for you the rental of the breast pump if you get a prescription in the name of the baby.
A breast pump may be helpful if:

On the distance between you and your child while you breastfeed (exit outside the mother, the baby's hospitalization).

To get your baby a bottle to stop breast-feeding (weaning).

If your baby can not breastfeed properly (low-weight children, inverted nipple).

For using a breast pump manual breast, begin at the beginning by small and frequent gentle pressure and, on arrival of milk you then push longer and stronger.

Avent Isis pulls milk

The nursing pillow (optional equipment)
When breastfeeding your baby, the nursing pillow provides good support and support for baby. The nursing pillow is like a sort of pillow-shaped crescent moon on which the baby is placed and the shape lets you can also calibrate your elbow. Thus, the nursing pillow will prevent the use of several pillows while breastfeeding.    
     
The nursing bra

During breastfeeding, the weight of the breast volume increases and so does the need for good support that you provide with the nursing bra. The opening system of the nursing bra should have an easy access to breastfeed baby without having to undress. This lingerie chest is adapted to the nursing mother with a guaranteed comfort and practical use. You can find nursing bras in department stores or in shops and child care departments.    
  
Nursing pads

During the first weeks of breastfeeding your baby, your body will produce milk without being able to regulate production. It will take some time to adjust properly to the needs of your child. Thus, initially, there may be a flow of milk between the two head to a surplus of milk production. Nursing pads allow you to avoid wetting of milk your blouse or tee shorts. It is important to change them regularly so that your nipple is in a moist environment, conducive to cracks. Two types of bearings of breastfeeding exist on the market: disposable pads and washable breast pads (cheaper if you are a consumer).

The cups, shells or hulls of breastfeeding (optional accessory)

The cups, shells or hulls of breastfeeding are useful to collect the excess milk from your breasts in the first weeks of breastfeeding. Paradoxically, the development of these breast shells or cups will boost your production milk, because of their pressure on your breast. Thus, they should be avoided in case of too much milk. well, the hulls or shells of breastfeeding, by their constitution, make the pin point forward. They are therefore not recommended in cases of cracks during breastfeeding.  

Anatomy lessons

Basic anatomy of the femur

 

The thigh bone of man is the longest bone of the entire body. It is joined by the hip joint with the pelvis and the knee joint to the lower leg. It has a short and a long leg. The short leg of the L is at its end with the hip name. The spherical end is therefore called the femoral head (caput femoris).

The connection between the long and the short portion of the thigh bone is named (upper collum femoris). This region is primarily a fall or accident probe especially in the elderly. It often lead to bone fractures.
The two bone protuberance are the great rolling hills (trochanter major) and the small trochanter (trochanter minor). The large rolling hills is towards the outside. The two bones are projections of muscles as starting points. The so-called "tough line" (linea aspera), is at the back of the thigh bone extending as a starting point for muscles.

The long femoral shaft (corpus femoris in anatomy lessons) ends in two cylindrical structures, the lateral condyle and the middle that form the knee joint, the articulated connection to the lower leg.

Tendons 

 

Tendon (Tendo) are the end pieces of the shiny white muscles. They are madet of tensile collagenous fiber bundles. Another part is the elastin, which makes the elastic fibers. Tendons do not contain blood vessels. They are fed by the slow exchange of tissue fluid.

The tendons are attached to the bone specific points, the apophyses. These have to be very tough because they have the muscle to withstand the tensile forces. They therefore are made of special bone cores, the little "annex" to the bone forming one. Then, the tendons and ligaments attached.

Tendons transfer the force from the muscle on the skeleton. They are very resistant to tensile forces.

The different form of chords can be distinguished:


Short tendons, which are not seen with the naked eye, such as the pectoralis major muscle (pectoralis major)

Long, narrow tendon, such as foot and hand muscles

Flat plate or tendons, also called the aponeuroses

Tendons can be straight and extend in the direction of the muscle. In this case they are called tensile tendon. Print tendons pass around a bone.

The fuselage remote from attachment points of muscles are known as attachments. The attachment points of the same muscle that lie is the origin. These tendons are the tendons of origin.

FujiFilm FinePix V10

After testing the excellent Fuji F11 and E900, everyone is expecting the latest model designed by the Japanese manufacturer called Fuji FinePix V10. This camera has a beautiful 3-inch LCD screen (a 7.62 cm diagonal) which has a definition of 230,000 pixels. This device is impressive in size given the fact that it is a compact camera. The LCD occupies almost the entire back of the device, which causes obvious ergonomic problems.

The buttons are small and therefore, the handling is somewhat difficult. For example, it is not easy to take a picture with one hand or to leave your fingers off the screen when shooting. The design could be improved and the grip of the V10 camera is quite uncomfortable due to its compactness. It turns out that users have to place the right thumb on the screen when they take the photo. But it is right there that the LED flashes if the autofocus is not set correctly. Of course the grip is very uncomfortable.


Fuji has not joined the megapixel race with the V10 model. The sensor provides a definition of 5 megapixels, which once again, is more than enough for this type of device in most cases! Leaving the functionality aspect aside, the V10 camera offers the bare minimum. This device does not allow you to make adjustments and it is best used in automatic mode. Note the presence of four fairly basic mini games offered for entertainment (in public means of transportation, for example).

The Fuji V10 camera starts quite slowly because you have to leave the button down almost two seconds before it lights up. But otherwise, the device is pretty responsive. The onset is almost instantaneous and the autofocus is swift, even indoors.

As for the memory card, Fuji remains faithful to the XD card, which is the smallest memory card on the market but also the most expensive.

As for the photo quality, there are no bad surprises with the FinePix V10 camera. The colors are very nice and the overall results are very good. Outside, there is sometimes a slight tendency to overexposure. The V10 camera is often trapped in direct sunlight and high contrast areas.

The noise phenomenon is managed very well. However, you should note that there is an obvious difference between the noise managements of the F11 and V10 models. Even if the V10 camera has very good results for a compact camera, it seems to be less efficient than the F11 model. The rendition of the V10 model is less "grainy" but the details are not as clear.

The result remains excellent at ISO 400 and 640 and the photos are mostly usable as long as there is no enlargement or cropping involved. The defects appear at ISO 800. At ISO 1600, the image becomes very noisy and almost unusable...

The results are really satisfying when the photos are taken at an ISO sensitivity of 640. However, this device has important limitations in terms of noise management without camera accessories. Image processing deteriorates the image too. You cannot crop a photo taken in high sensitivity conditions if you do not necessarily see the overall picture with the naked eye.

The Fuji V10 camera is doing quite well in macro mode. There is also a video mode but it only provides the bare minimum. The camera does not focus on the dynamics of the video and you do not have a zoom function at your disposal.

Conclusion

The Fuji V10 camera is a device that deserves everyone’s attention despite its rather average ergonomics. Its three-inch screen is a success and the quality of photos is very good too. Available on the market for about 300 Euros, the Fuji Finepix V10 camera is a device with an excellent price/quality ratio.

Diabetes and pregnancy

A diabetes of the mother is one of the most common complications during pregnancy. The disease often goes undetected because it causes no symptoms. Every year, about 18,000 pregnant women in Germany are discovered to have this condition. Basically, it is estimated that about 5% of pregnancies are affected.

Pregnancy diabetes (gestational diabetes)

The simple test for detection is not part of routine care among pregnant women. The costs are not covered by the health insurance. Typical diabetes symptoms such as frequent urination and thirst occur during pregnancy. Some pregnant women usually do not realize that they are diabetic and do not get the idea to do a glucose test. A pregnancy diabetes (gestational diabetes) is a special form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy for the first time and is normalized, in most cases, after the end of pregnancy. This sugar tolerance disorder affect primarily the child. The risk of pregnancy complications increases significantly. Premature births and stillbirths can occur.

Risks for the child

Gestational diabetes can cause  two main problems: first, the increased growth in size during pregnancy, second, the disturbed well-being of the child after birth. The unborn child responds to the high blood sugar levels of the parent with extreme nutrient intake. This leads to excessive growth of the child in the womb (called macrosomia). In addition, there may be disturbances in the maturity of the placenta or to the organs of the unborn child especially the lungs. These and other factors can cause complications during pregnancy and during and after the birth of the child.


During childbirth, big infants are at risk for  nerve paralysis in the shoulder-arm system (plexus palsy). After delivery, the infant is often compromised for hypoglycemia. During childhood, this can lead to metabolic disturbances or changes in salt balance. Important: pregnancy diabetes or gestational diabetes can  remain undetected and untreated. The risk of children for diabetes and obesity is increased.


Risks to mother

The mothers can have complications during and after pregnanc as expected, for example, increased blood pressure or increased risk for urinary tract infections. Due to the difficult birth of a big child, the risk for pelvic floor damage is increased. Another problem: Some 40 to 60 percent of affected women develop diabetes type 2 within ten to fifteen years after the birth even if the gestational diabetes disappeared immediately after the birth.

Screening test for pregnant women

It is therefore crucial to diagnose gestational diabetes in time. This is to ensure that the risks of serious consequences for both mother and child are minimized. Diet and injection of insulin are both needed. Studies have shown that in well-controlled blood sugar, there will be fewer complications at birth. Experts recommend that all pregnant women between 24th and 28th pregnancy week must undergo a screening test for the presence of gestational diabetes.

The so-called oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) can be performed on an empty stomach. By the way, in order to prevent a pregnancy diabetes, the determination of urine sugar is not often effective. If a pregnancy is diagnosed with diabetes, blood glucose is checked after the pregnancy and after 2 months time. Even if these values are normal, the woman should, at regular intervals, measure her glucose level regularly.

Risk groups for gestational diabetes

There are risk groups that are frequently affected by gestational diabetes. Who is at risk?

Obese pregnant women, especially if they do not move much and if they smoke

Pregnant women over 30 years old

Pregnant women with diabetes in the family

Pregnant women who have already suffered several miscarriages

Sibling with a birth weight above 4,000 grams
If you are pregnant has at least one of these risk factors, you have to talk to your doctor.